Announcements
Course description
Instructional staff
Textbook
Times & places
Lectures & reading assignments
Homework
Exams
Project
Grades
Viewing PostScript and PDF
Newsgroup
Interesting links
The newsgroup (and mailing list) are now being used by the spring 2000 class, so the fall 1999 instructors and TAs are no longer reading it.
network_bottleneck_config()
was definitely
non-functional. It might work now with the new network.c, but it still
hasn't been tested. (But network_path_config()
has been
somewhat tested.)
The TAs liked the provisional questionaire, so it has become the real questionaire, with only one slight edit (the last question about the extensions has been split into three, one for each extension). It is available from the project page.
network_config.h and network.c have been updated to do packet
duplication. This is an incompatible change, so do not replace
these files until you have updated any of your own code that uses
struct network_path_parameters
to initialize the new
duplicate_probability
member. (It's probably just main.c
that you need to change, if anything.)
buffer_max
need not be the same for both ends of a
connection, and transport_sink_delete_connection()
may
discard undelivered data.
A new file, network_config.h, provides an interface for configuring the behavior of the network layer, and network.c and Makefile have been modified to support it.
streamers.h and streamers.c have been updated (in a backward compatible way). The behaviors of the byte source and byte sink are now configurable. You can muck with their configuration parameters in main.c to conduct various tests. Soon there will also be a configurable version of network.c.
There is a tool called purify available on HP-UX instructional machines (some workstations in 117 & 199 Cory, and 271 & 273 Soda, and mingus.eecs and parker.eecs). It is supposed to be very helpful for finding bugs related to pointers and memory management. See also /usr/pub/purify.help on instructional machines.
Late homeworks will have their raw scores multiplied by 0.8 and rounded down to the next half point. Homeworks 1 through 5 are exempt because we kept incomplete records of which ones were late.
transport.c is due by 8pm on Dec-15-Wed, via email to both dogan@cory.eecs.berkeley.edu and sokratis@eecs.berkeley.edu. Be sure to put the names of all team members in comments near the top of the file. Be sure it uses only standard C, no operating system features or compiler extensions.
A new version of streamers.c fixes a slight bug that was probably affecting no one (it could have caused an assertion failure at line 55).
A new version of Makefile uses gcc -ansi -pedantic
by default, to check your code for ANSI C conformance, so that you
will know whether we will be able to compile it. It also uses
-Wall
to catch common mistakes, and a few of the .c files
have been altered to silence a few warnings (which were harmless).
buffer_max
limits apply only
to data bytes, not bytes created by the transport layer.
A new network.h adds a comment about addresses:
Every address has its own length, in bytes, not to exceed the maximum declared above. The unused bytes could contain anything, so be careful not to compare them when comparing two addresses.
(the transport source is supposed to avoid sending data that the transport sink cannot acknowledge for lack of buffer space)That's because regardless of whether the transport sink buffers or drops the data, if it lacks enough buffer space to acknowledge the data, then the transport source will never stop retransmitting it. With flow control, if the sink stops accepting data, the source should eventually stop sending data.
Next, the following sentence has been added:
The easiest way to prevent the transport source from overflowing the transport sink's buffer is to shrink the window size as the buffer fills up, which is typically accomplished by indicating the amount of free buffer space in every ack.Finally, the paragraph beginning “Another tricky part of flow control” has been removed, because the problem turns out to be not so tricky afterall. It has been replaced by this paragraph:
One might wonder how the transport sink can honor its buffer limit when packets arrive out of order. If the buffer fills up with out-of-order packets, then when the missing packet finally arrives, there's no space for it. But if the transport source is doing its job correctly, it sends only as much data as the transport sink has space for, so this situation will never arise.
The textbook is less emphatic than it should be that entropy is calculated using base 2 logarithms, not base 10 or base e.
A new version of event.c fixes a bug in timer_cancel()
.
transport_source_receive_bytes()
was erroneous. It said:
See bytestream.h. The source and sink are the
tranport_source and byte_source (respectively) that were passed to
transport_source_create_connection()
.
That makes no sense, because according to bytestream.h the transfer
method is implemented by the sink. This function is implemented by the
transport source, so the transport source must be the sink. And that's
what we want: the byte source gives bytes to the transport source.
In the new version of transport.h “source and sink” has
changed to “sink and source”.
The transport sink must not buffer more than
buffer_max
acknowledged undelivered bytes (it must drop
additional incoming bytes until the byte sink has accepted some more
of the buffered data).
The first sentence alone expresses my original intention, and the
parenthetical inadvertantly increased the restriction. The comment now
reads:
The transport sink must not buffer more than
buffer_max
acknowledged undelivered bytes (additional
incoming bytes may be dropped or buffered, but must not be
acknowledged until the byte sink has accepted some more of the
buffered data).
Relevant to this restriction is a new paragraph in README that begins
“Another tricky part of flow control”. In the paragraph
about sequence numbers, the words “or both” have been added
to point out that numbering packets and numbering bytes are not mutually
exclusive; you can do both if you wish.
strncmp()
when it should have been using
memcmp()
.
Make sure your implementation can correctly get all the bytes across a single connection (despite losses, reordering, corruption, and duplication by the network layer) before you worry about flow control, buffer space limits, efficiency, or any extensions. If you run out of time, it's important to turn in something that at least gets all the bytes across.
#include <float.h>
), and the comments on
transport_*_create_connection()
in transport.h
have been slightly reworded for clarity. The latest versions are always
available from the project page.
bytestream_go_ahead_method
,
bytestream_transfer_method
, and timer_handler
are slightly different: they are now functions, rather than pointers
to functions. Declarations involving those types have been altered
accordingly (by adding a *
).
[Oops, we never wrote one.]
instructors
| |
---|---|
Stavros Tripakis | stavros@eecs.berkeley.edu
|
Adam M. Costello | (email address)
|
| |
teaching assistants
| |
Hakan Dogan | dogan@cory.eecs.berkeley.edu
|
Socrates Vamvakos | sokratis@eecs.berkeley.edu
|
The “required” textbook is Communication Networks: A First Course, second edition, by Jean Walrand, published by WCB/McGraw-Hill, 1998 (ISBN 0-256-17404-0). We will follow this book pretty closely starting Sep-08-Wed. Note the errata.
The UC bookstore should have it in stock, or you can also try Classbook.com or varsitybooks.com or fatbrain.com (search by ISBN).
Here are some other good books that we will not use for the course, but which you might be interested in looking at:
Office hours (instructors): | Weekdays 11am-12pm | 467 Cory
|
| ||
Final exam: | Dec-14-Tue 8-11am | 2050 Valley Life Sciences Building
|
Lecture: | MWF 9-10am | 105 North Gate
|
| ||
Discussion sections: | Mon 12-1pm | 289 Cory
|
Mon 1-2pm | 293 Cory
| |
Wed 5-6pm | 247 Cory
| |
Thu 11am-12pm | 293 Cory
| |
| ||
Office hours (instructors): | Mon 10-11am | 467 Cory
|
Thu 4-5pm | 467 Cory
| |
or by appointment
| ||
| ||
Office hours (Hakan): | Mon 11am-12pm | 179M Cory
|
Wed 3-4pm | 179M Cory
| |
| ||
Office hours (Socrates): | Thu 9-11am | 467 Cory
|
| ||
Midterm exams: | Oct-04-Mon | A-Lm in 3 LeConte, Ln-Z in 105 North Gate
|
Nov-08-Mon | A-P in 105 North Gate, Q-Z in 3 LeConte
|
There will be short weekly problem sets generally due on Fridays. They can be turned in in class on the due date, or slipped under the door of 467 Cory before 2pm on the due date (or any time on an earlier day).
Students are welcome to discuss the problems before the due date, but must not write down the solutions during such discussions; they must write the solutions alone.
Homework 1 | due 1999-Sep-10-Fri | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions:
pdf,
ps.gz
| |
Homework 2 | due 1999-Sep-13-Mon | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions: pdf, ps.gz | ASCII chart
|
Homework 3 | due 1999-Sep-17-Fri | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions:
pdf,
ps.gz
| |
Homework 4 | due 1999-Sep-24-Fri | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions:
pdf,
ps.gz
| |
Homework 5 | due 1999-Oct-01-Fri | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions:
pdf,
ps.gz
| |
Homework 6 | due 1999-Oct-15-Fri | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions:
pdf,
ps.gz
| |
Homework 7 | due 1999-Oct-22-Fri | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions:
pdf,
ps.gz
| |
Homework 8 | due 1999-Nov-01-Mon | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions:
pdf,
ps.gz
| |
Homework 9 | due 1999-Nov-05-Fri | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions:
pdf,
ps.gz
| |
Homework 10 | due 1999-Nov-19-Fri | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions:
pdf,
ps.gz
| |
Homework 11 | due 1999-Dec-03-Fri | problems: pdf, ps.gz | solutions:
pdf,
ps.gz
|
Grading policy: Show your work. Every answer gets all points if correct and arrived at validly, half the points if “mostly right”, and no points if “mostly wrong”. The readers are not asked to provide finer granularity. The final homework score will be total points earned over total points possible. “Food-for-thought”, “hands-on”, and “0 points” problems will not be graded, but you are strongly encouraged to work on them.
Graded homeworks can be picked up at discussion sections, or in 467 Cory during office hours.
HW | points | turned in | mean | std.dev. |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 11 | 171 | 9.3 | 2.1 |
2 | 15 | 159 | 12.8 | 2.6 |
3 | 17 | 155 | 8.9 | 3.3 |
4 | 8 | 151 | 7.3 | 1.0 |
5 | 6 | 143 | 4.4 | 1.2 |
6 | 9 | 135 | 6.9 | 1.3 |
7 | 6 | 132 | 5.1 | 1.0 |
8 | 12 | 130 | 9.9 | 2.1 |
9 | 6 | 129 | 5.9 | 0.4 |
10 | 6 | 130 | 5.5 | 0.8 |
11 | 8 |
The first midterm covered material corresponding to homework due before the exam date. Solutions: pdf,ps.gz. The mean was 12.1, standard deviation 2.7, median 12.5, histogram.
The second midterm covered material corresponding to homework due between the two midterm dates. Solutions: pdf,ps.gz. The mean was 8.3, standard deviation 3.1, median 8, histogram.
The final exam covered the material corresponding to all the homework, with roughly equal emphasis on all topics. Solutions: pdf,ps.gz. The mean was 60.0, standard deviation 9.2, median 59.5, histogram.
homework: | 25% |
midterm #1: | 15% |
midterm #2: | 15% |
project: | 15-40% |
final exam: | 30% |
The basic project is worth 15%, making the total 100%. For people who enjoy doing projects, more elaborate versions of the project assignment are defined, worth extra credit. A reasonable grading scale was chosen before the extra credit was taken into account. Specifically, the weighted average was normalized to a score from 0 to 18, with letter grades assigned as follows:
at least | approx % | |
17 | A+ | 94.4 |
16 | A | 88.9 |
15 | A- | 83.3 |
14 | B+ | 77.8 |
13 | B | 72.2 |
12 | B- | 66.7 |
11 | C+ | 61.1 |
10 | C | 55.6 |
9 | C- | 50 |
8 | D+ | 44.4 |
7 | D | 38.9 |
6 | D- | 33.3 |
0 | F | 0 |
You can view all scores of everyone enrolled, without names or IDs (but you need a window with at least 99 columns). Find your row using the first column, which is the last digit of the sum of the digits of your student ID, and then using the scores you already know. Late homeworks have had their raw scores multiplied by 0.8 and rounded down to the next half point (but homeworks 1 through 5 are exempt because we kept incomplete records of which ones were late.)
The column labeled Avg does not include the project extra credit, while the one labeled Totl does. For each, the next column gives the corresponding letter grade. You can view the statistics for both sets of grades.
Both PostScript (.ps) and PDF (.pdf) files can be viewed by Ghostview and GV under Unix, and GSView under MS-Windows. These are all front-ends for Ghostscript, and all are available for free from the Ghostscript site. (Versions of Ghostscript older than 4.03 cannot read PDF.)
PDF files can also be viewed with the Acrobat
Reader (acroread
) on most platforms, which is free from
Adobe. Besides displaying PDF documents acroread
also lets
you search for and select text. You need at least version 3.0 to read
the PDF files on this site.
For PostScript files, if ghostview
gives an error, try
gv
or gs
, or try just sending it to a printer.
PostScript files can be sent directly to most printers with
lp
or lpr
under Unix, and there is presumably
a way under MS-Windows). PDF files need to be printed from a program,
like any of the PDF viewers.
Gzipped (.gz) files are compressed, and can be
decompressed using gunzip
(or gzip -d
). When
a browser attempts to view a gzipped file, it is usually capable of
first decompressing the file. When a browser saves a gzipped file to
disk, it may take either of the following correct actions: save the
compressed file and suggest a filename ending in .gz,
or decompress the file and suggest a filename not ending in
.gz. Some browsers, unfortunately, decompress the file and
suggest a filename ending in .gz. If the file begins with
%!PS or %PDF (or anything intelligible), it is
not compressed. Gzip is installed on almost all Unix machines, and both
source code and precompiled executables for many platforms are available
for free from the Gzip site.
PDF printing problems:
Some people (not everyone) have problems printing the PDF files from
acroread
. The printer processes the job, but does not
print anything. This appears to be caused by acroread
generating PostScript containing carriage returns (13) instead of
linefeeds (10), which confuses some printers but not others (and not
Ghostscript). We don't know whether this is a bug in the PDF file or a
bug in acroread
. For now, if you experience this problem,
print the PostScript version instead, or have acroread
print to a file, and fix the carriage returns before printing it (for
example, tr '\015' '\012' < foo.ps | lp
).
There is a newsgroup ucb.class.ee122 for questions and discussions related to the class. Most of the instructional staff will read every article posted there, so please exercise restraint: post an article if you can reasonably expect a non-trivial number of your classmates to be interested in it, or in the response. Otherwise, please just send email to the individual(s) you want to talk to.
Articles can be read and posted using a newsreader program (like
trn
, pine
, or Netscape Communicator), but
there is also a gateway that makes the newsgroup look like a mailing
list:
ee122-news@arwen.cs.berkeley.edu
All messages mailed to that address will be posted to the newsgroup, and all articles posted to the newsgroup will be sent to the mailing list.
To subscribe to the mailing list, send a message containing only the word “subscribe” (in the body, the Subject is irrelevant) to:
ee122-news-request@arwen.cs.berkeley.edu
As announcements appear on this web page they will also be posted to the newsgroup.
When you reply to an article, please trim your quotation.
Code Division
Multiple Access (CDMA)
diffserv
(Differentiated Services working group)
Ethernet
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
intserv
(Integrated Services working group)
Internet model
Prudent Engineering Practice for Cryptographic Protocols
[ps.gz, author's copy]
RFC Editor
Web Over Wireless
(WOW)
|